1916 Book

Tuesday, July 12, 2016

1701 Indian land colonial purchase starts New Jersey Horseneck Riots in 1745-1755

 In 1701, 13,500 acres west of Newark was purchased for $325 (or about 2.5-cents an acre) from Loantique, Taphow, Manshum and others. The original deed burned in a house fire in 1745. Descendants of the signers of the original deed promptly signed a new document. These deeds were challenged as being unlawful. According to a survey in 1746, only 35 families lived in the area. When Samuel Baldwin was arrested in 1745 for trespassing on his own land, his neighbors armed themselves with clubs, axes and crow-bars and descended on the jail to liberate him. The struggle against the Proprietors continued until 1755. Daniel Lamson and John Condict acted as agents for the Landowner's Committee and pleaded the settlers case to the King in England.

Cundicts, John and Peter, among other settlers, were deeded Indian lands in New Jersey in 1701 in an area known as Horse Neck or Horseneck.  The land purchase info (dates and surnames) is important for many reasons in understanding the surname variations (Cundit, Cunditt, Cundict) that contradict one another in the Condict and Condit family tree.
John and Peter died in 1713/1714 (respectively).  Later in 1745, John Condict ( referenced with the second "C"), (presumably John the Norman ancestor's grandson), negotiated with the King of England for the land owners during the Horseneck Riots.

It is interesting to note that family  historians said John arrived America 1678, and then we find sources that in 1701 he bought land in Newark as Cundict. Land was purchased along with/by/for his son Peter (also referenced as Cundict); yet,  eight years later, John had a will made in 1709 as Cunditt (remember, he could only sign with his mark, not a signature so likely still did not understand English after being in America over 20 years). The 1701 Horseneck deed to John Cundict did not translate to his 1709 will with the Cunditt surname. And, in this same will, someone named/interpreted the surname sounding/spelling of John's son, Peter, as Cundit--unusual, as it was not the same surname of  his father John noted with the surname of Cunditt in the will. Nor was Peter Cundit in his father John's will noted with Cundict surname, used eight years earlier in the Horse Neck land purchase. Peter Cundit  and his seven children noted in John's 1709 will were not referenced with the Cundict name used in Peter's 1714 will. Why would Peter have a different surname than his father John? Not very likely is highly is a good guess. Then some 30 years later,  the grandson, John, uses the surname Condict (in 1745), as a negotiator with the King of England for the Horse Neck land owners.
Yet another historical reference source, names John and Deborah Cundit (page 33-34), and describes briefly, the Horseneck purchase and riots (page 44/45):  https://ia902709.us.archive.org/12/items/themountainsociet00hoyt/themountainsociet00hoyt.pdf

These historical references show the surname inconsistencies/contradictions, and that Cundict was not the surname set in stone as some members of the Condit branch  often contended, and as used in the 1885 & 1916 Condit Family Association genealogy books, citing excerpts of wills and other surname spellings of the family tree.

 sources:  http://www.titchenal.com/hert2a.php
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~genepool/njriots1.htm

Jemima Condict, Revolutionary War-era patriot and journal writer of Boston Tea Party

Jemima Condict, makes references to her grandparents, Mary Dodd ( of  Samuel), and Samuel Condict, in her 1700's colonial, Revolutionary War-era diary.

Jemima's noted surnames and deaths in her Revolutionary War-era diary at New Jersey Historical Society:  http://njahgp.genealogyvillage.com/death-records-from-an-okd-diary-1772-1778.html
 She also makes references to her father, Daniel's family, as Condict.
 Perhaps the confusion and contradiction of the various spellings of the tree surnames likely arose from the 1885 and 1916 Condit Family Association genealogy books by its two Condit authors, who make brief intro mentions of the various surnames, and that they numbered and indexed nearly all descendants as Condit for their convenience.  The books were published some 50 years after the foremost family memorial and cenotaph for John the Norman ancestor and his son, Peter at Find A Grave that names the first three generations and beyond as Condict ( with the second "c").
We also find in the  1885 & 1916 genealogy books Jemima's grandparents mentioned as Conduit at page 15, mentioning Samuel's grave in Orange NJ and that of his third son, Samuel.
This may make a connection to any indications or beliefs that Jemima wrote in code and therefore her family name could have been Cundict, however the graves and Jemima's own diary hold up the Condict surname, just as is in stone in the First Presbyterian Church, Morristown, NJ graveyard: http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=condict&GSfn=john&GSbyrel=all&GSdyrel=all&GSob=n&GRid=12179447&df=all&

Jemima also pens some family with the Cundict name in her famous diary.

Jemima Condict cited again in historical references:  at page 117, Genealogical and Memorial History of the State of New Jersey, Vol. 1, 1910.

Wednesday, July 6, 2016

New Jersey historical genealogical reference of Cundit surname for Condict & Condit descendants


History of Essex and Hudson Counties, New Jersey (1884) shows links to surname variations of the John Cundit /Cunditt families, aka Condit, Condict families in America today (see page 722).

The book author appears to list all descendants of John Cunditt/Cundit's lineage as Condit making a slight reference to the surname Cundit for John the ancestor at the beginning. The author also does not seem to know that family members say John, II was born in America of a mother, Deborah, and died young, leaving Peter as the only surviving son. The author seems to indicate that Deborah was John's only wife. He also  makes no reference to Peter and Mary Harrison/Harison as Cundit as is found in other historical references, like in the Harrison family genealogy noted on this blog.

The author's spelling of the descendants as only Condit (no Condicts are cited as such, yet some are listed), is irregardless that  some of John's grandsons (Peter's sons), took the Condict surname in life, marriage and to the grave; Specifically Philip, Peter & Isaac took the Condict surname and even Nathaniel is noted with Cundit and Condict while Samuel is noted as Cundit, Condit & Conduit.
The grandsons, although perhaps born with the Cundit surname given them and their father Peter in a will also contradicts their grandfather John the ancestor's given surname of Cunditt, that  the Norman ancestor could not sign in English, having arrived in America, about 1678, from Wales and likely not fluent in English but Norman dialect.
For a father and son to have different surnames is  highly unusual and not highly likely, perhaps indicating that the author of the 1709 will (since John and Peter could very likely not understand English) was translating what John the Norman ancestor (or perhaps his son Peter) from Wales was trying to communicate as his surname.
It is curious to note that John made his will in Newark, NJ, in  1709 (some 30+ years after arriving in America from Wales), yet up to and beyond his death, he neither mentioned or corrected his will for his only son Peter and his grandchildren to Cundict (as some on the Condit branch assert was this name & the main lineage name for the first 100 years), the name later used by Peter in his will probated in 1714, one year after his father dies; Instead, John Cunditt's will writer in 1709, named Peter and his seven children (John's grandchildren), with the surname Cundit, which John still could not sign in English.
 The true spelling of the name of the Norman-descent ancestor John continues as a mystery. His will is on file in Trenton, New Jersey, and is a good example of many foreigners who came to America not knowing English enough to write their own names, to trace the lineage across the seas to their mother land for its true origin, meaning, spelling and pronunciation.Hoepfully with the internet this will happen to connect John's Norman descendants with those in America.

The 1885 & 1916 family genealogy books, published by the Condit Family Association's book authors, Jotham and Eben Condit, (of which apparently no Condicts of the cousin branch were involved), indexed and numbered nearly all descendants of John as Condit, adding to the surname confusion used by many in genealogy as source materials.  The books were published some 50 years after the foremost and only known cenotaph/memorial to John and Peter (whose grave sites are unknown), was erected by John's great, great grandson, the Honorable Silas Condict, at the First Presbyterian Church of Morristown, New Jersey,  which can be found at Find A Grave memorial # 12179447 as indicated below.

Sons of the American Revolution also list Ebenezer, Philip, Zenas and Silas Condict as patriots:  http://patriot.sar.org/fmi/iwp/cgi?-db=Grave%20Registry&-loadframes

Research for the true and original surname of John Cunditt/Cundit/Condict/Conduit or Condit, the Norman ancestor (of Norman descent) from Wales to America in 1678 (to Newark, New Jersey), continues in a quest of this patriotic American family's true surname and with John's Norman descendants across the seas.

https://ia801409.us.archive.org/15/items/historyofessexh02shaw/historyofessexh02shaw.pdf

http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=condict&GSfn=john&GSbyrel=all&GSdyrel=all&GSob=n&GRid=12179447&df=all&